References & Endnotes

Key sources behind this guide — linked directly to the source where available

1 min read·Updated July 2026
[1]

Pollard AJ, Bijker EM. "A Guide to Vaccinology: From Basic Principles to New Developments." Nature Reviews Immunology, 2021;21:83-100. View study ↗ ↩ back to text

[2]

Fine P, Eames K, Heymann DL. "'Herd Immunity': A Rough Guide." Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2011;52(7):911-916. ↩ back to text

[3]

Taylor LE, Swerdfeger AL, Eslick GD. "Vaccines Are Not Associated with Autism: An Evidence-Based Meta-Analysis of Case-Control and Cohort Studies." Vaccine, 2014;32(29):3623-3629. ↩ back to text

[4]

Nikolich-Žugich J. "The Twilight of Immunity: Emerging Concepts in Aging of the Immune System." Nature Immunology, 2018;19(1):10-19. View study ↗ ↩ back to text

[5]

Lal H, Cunningham AL, Godeaux O, et al. "Efficacy of an Adjuvanted Herpes Zoster Subunit Vaccine in Older Adults." New England Journal of Medicine, 2015;372(22):2087-2096. View study ↗ ↩ back to text

[6]

Prather AA, Janicki-Deverts D, Hall MH, Cohen S. "Behaviorally Assessed Sleep and Susceptibility to the Common Cold." Sleep, 2015;38(9):1353-1359. View study ↗ ↩ back to text

[7]

Irwin MR. "Sleep and Inflammation: Partners in Sickness and in Health." Nature Reviews Immunology, 2019;19:702-715. View study ↗ ↩ back to text

[8]

Nieman DC, Wentz LM. "The Compelling Link Between Physical Activity and the Body's Defense System." Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2019;8(3):201-217. View study ↗ ↩ back to text

[9]

Lei J, Ploner A, Elfström KM, et al. "HPV Vaccination and the Risk of Invasive Cervical Cancer." New England Journal of Medicine, 2020;383(14):1340-1348.